An Overview of Fugitive Emission

Fugitive Emissions (FE) are unintentional leaks emitted from sealed surfaces, such as pickings and gaskets, or leaks from underground pipelines resulting from corrosion or faulty connections. Fugitive emissions nowadays become a great concern around the world due to their negative impacts on productivity, environment and health.

This paper presents a mathematical model for reducing fugitive emissions from piping equipment. The problem is formulated as mixed integer linear programming and coded in General Algebra Modeling System (GAMS). The MILP model proposed in this work can be used to identify the most appropriate technologies for fugitive emissions reduction as well as maximize the profit. Application of this model on the case yields a significant FE reduction up to 82.2 percent, illustrating the effectiveness of the technique.

Fugitive Emission Management Program is becoming less and less tolerated by regulating agencies (either direct leaks or organic and other vapors above ∼500 ppm). Often, fugitive emissions occur at the stem. Quarter-turn valves do not have much motion in this area and often provide good protection against fugitive emissions. Diaphragm and pinch valves isolate the fluid from the control mechanism in a manner that avoids leaks around the stem. Bellows stem seals do not have stem leakage either.

The valve stem packing, a type of gasket, is a resilient material packed under pressure so that it fills the space between the valve stem and the stuffing box and presses against both of these surfaces. Pickings such as graphite [for fireproofing the seal and temperatures above 450°F (232°C) but not commonly used in pulp and paper] or PTFE (Teflon) are impermeable.

For more details on this, please browse www.gastrack.ca

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